Home > Industry Information > Where Is The Difference Between Chinese Car Chips?
From the perspective of the vehicle, car chips can be roughly divided into ten categories, including control chips, computing chips, sensing chips, storage chips, communication chips, security chips, power chips, driving chips, power chips, and simulation chips.We sort out the car chip. If we do not count the diode and the triode, the average of 437 pure electric vehicle chips is 437, and the hybrid vehicle is 511.
At the end of August, Zou Guangcai, Deputy Secretary -General of the China Automotive Chip Industry Innovation Strategy Alliance, said at the 20th China Automotive Industry Development (TEDA) International Forum that our country has a good basis for power simulation chips.These chips have a large amount of application in the car, but because they are very cheap, some are even as low as a few cents, so the value of value is not very high.
Zou Guangcai, Deputy Secretary -General of the China Automotive Chip Industry Innovation Strategy Alliance, from a global perspective, the market share of the car chip is mainly occupied by several head manufacturers, ranking the top ten.70%, mainly enterprises in developed countries.In addition to the high proportion, each company will also involve the development of car chip products in multiple categories.This gives us an inspiration that if our country has a leading car chip, it is difficult to survive internationally to focus on a certain type of chip. It must be expanded accordingly.
01. The proportion of security chips is high, and our chip is facing a stuck neck
Earlier, Zou Guang had just conducted a round of survey of the situation of my country's chips.In terms of market share, controlling chips high security performanceThe proportion of MCU ’s localization is relatively small, but there are many domestic replacements in other fields, and the overall is on the car.Proportion10%.In terms of computing chips, there are some low and medium -to -medium computing power products in my country, but high -algorithm products are still blank, and the proportion of application has reached more than 20%as a whole.
Nvidia's chip computing power has continuously improved the field of storage chips Due to the good foundation before, the overall proportion has reached25%.The communication chip includes 4Gand5G communication, navigation chips, CAN /Lin /TSN, etc., the proportion is between 5%-10%; the domestic layout of power devices is relatively early, and the overall mass production ratio is 15%.He said that my country's IGBT products are more mature, and we recommend that you pay more attention to silicon carbide in the next step.There are many products for power chips, accounting for 10%; driving chips are a little worse than power chips, because driving chips can currently replace foreign products relatively less.
There are more sensor chips,15%to 20%; the information security chip is large and can reach 50%.There is a characteristic of our country. The headlines of the heads are widely deployed by the automotive chip industry, with various ways.Some are self -developed, some are investing, and some are joint ventures.Zou Guangcai said that in general, everyone pays great attention to the three tracks of control, calculation, and power.Zou Guangcai further analyzed for the track that focused on extensive attention.
He pointed out,In terms of MCU, it is still a monopoly situation of international giants, especially Yingfei Ling.Domestic low -end chips have been on the body and cockpit fields in the field of body and cockpit, but in the field of power chassis and intelligent driving, car companies are hesitant during the process of mass production. Although they have been tested and verified, they still have foreign countries.gap.
SOC is divided into two categories. One is intelligent driving. Tesla and Nvidia are relatively leading, and the latter is widely used; the other is a smart cabin, and Qualcomm is relatively leading.Although there are many low -to -medium computing power products in our country, high computing power products are relatively lacking. This is the next development direction.In terms of communication chips, the TSN (time -sensitive network) chip has been gradually available in the car. Many car companies in my country have invested in TSN chip companies; Serdes has been relatively fast than TSN, and domestic SERDES enterprise technical indicators have directly targeting foreign countries.These two types of products are developing very fast in China, and everyone can pay attention.
Silicon carbide is also an area that has attracted much attention.Everyone always said that the cost of silicon carbide is too high, and the yield cannot be going up.Zou Guangcai said that my country has entered the reduction cycle of silicon carbide costs, but this cycle is a bit slower than the law of Moore. The main problems are concentrated on the extension film. The extension of the outer film determines most of the cost and has an impact on its yield.
In Zou Guangcai,IDM companies, chip manufacturers that can be designed and produced by themselves, must have a great advantage in the industry.On the whole, most of the domestic automotive chips, most of the general ICs and component suppliers are extensive, the resources are relatively sufficient, and it is easy toReplacement, the cycle is short, the cost is relatively small; howeverMCU, intelligent power device, power management chip and other high -end chip foreign manufacturers occupy a dominant position, and still have the risk of stuck neck.
02 Exploring new technologies, the chip industry also wants to change the overtaking
Facing the current situation of poor car chip, my country is also exploring how to catch up.Automotive chips cannot get rid of the influence of the integrated circuit industry foundation. The foundation of my country's integrated circuit industry is relatively weak in the flow of advanced process chips.Therefore, Zou Guangcai pointed out that everyone is exploring how to meet the requirements of future smart driving high computing power chips in this way.
Chiclet, commonly known as core grain, also known as small chip. It is a type of DIE (nude) that meets specific functions. It is encapsulated by multiple module chips and underlying basic chips through DIE-To-DIE internal interconnection technology to form a systematic system.Chip to achieve a new form of IP reuse.It can be understood that each small chip is glued together to form a large chip with stronger performance.
The characteristic of the D2D layered architecture Chiclet is that some functions can be packaged independently into individual modules, reduce the area of a single SOC, and then select a relatively mature process for combined packaging.This method can replace product innovation and performance improvement, while controlling the cycle and cost to a certain extent.However, Zou Guangcai also pointed out that Chiclet is a direction, but it has its own problem, that is, interface protocols and reliability, and have not yet been verified by car regulations.The open source architecture chip is also the technical direction and field of the main promotion in combination with my country's industrial characteristics.
The CPU is one of the key technologies for the development of the automotive industry. Its structure is the fusion of the chip industry chain and the chip ecology. For a long time, the CPU that occupies the main market share of the world's chip has only two architectures: X86 and ARM.The open source architecture is considered to be an instruction set that is expected to break the double oligarch monopoly pattern. It has the characteristics of openness. It is particularly suitable for the application of the Internet of Things. Our country combines it into the development of intelligent connected cars.
Last year, Ni Guangnan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, once said that the architecture of the new type of open source streamlined instructionsThe RISC-V architecture has provided opportunities for my country's mastering of the development of the chip industry.RISC-V, the Chinese name is the fifth-generation streamlined instruction set(Reduced Instructure Set Computing) is an open source instruction set architecture based on the principle of streamlined instruction set.
The so -called instruction, as the name suggests, is to give the chip mission.The processor is a chip, and the chip does not work by itself, and someone needs to tell it what to do.For exampleTell the chip for the next operation to multiply, that is, a instruction, and the collection of a chip instruction is called the instruction set.
As a newer instruction set,The architecture of RISC-V has certain advantages.For example, there are more advanced architectures, wider applications, more economical costs, and stronger vitality.In Ni Guangnan's view, my country's development of RISC-V has three unique advantages.
The first is to meet the national scientific and technological self -reliance development strategy, and to promote global scientific and technological innovation.History has always beenThe two architectures of X86 and ARM have the dividend of the monopoly CPU market. The entire chip industry has always been in a high monopoly trend. The emergence of open source RISC-V has broken the monopoly, providing a strong driving force for the development of the global chip industry.Essence
Second, China's oversized market is the fertile soil to cultivate new generation of information technology in the future.In addition, China is the cradle of major engineers in the world, and talent advantages provide necessary conditions for technological development innovation.But Zou Guangcai also said,The RSIC-V has fragmented characteristics during development. Near RSIC-V car chip products have come out, but it takes a process to get on the car verification.
03 chip companies must be prepared for long -term battle
Although facing a lot of uncertainty, Zou Guangcai believes that my country's automotive chip industry has been better for a long time, but as the new energy industry is developing, there will inevitably be a shortcoming and ups and downs in the middle.For example, at the level of product development,IP/EDA, vehicle regulation stream film process (Good rate+Advanced Process), as well as shortcomings in high security scenarios.At the same time, there are many automotive chip companies in my country, and the market capacity is difficult to ensure that these companies can develop benign. In the next three years, there will be a process of survival of the fittest. It should be more than 10 years of determination to have a car chip for each enterprise.
At the same time, Zou Guangcai pointed out that the fusion trend of cars and chips is getting more and more obvious, especially to break the traditional division of labor.The traditional division of labor in the automotive industry is vehicle tube vehicle,Tier1 controller and chip control yourself.However, there are many auto manufacturers self -developed chips or specifying Tier1 to choose some chips, which will break the division of labor. This brings a direct impact is to compress the living space of Tier1, mainly because of the development right, especially cost control.
How to clear the new mechanism in the future needs to be answered in cooperation between the industry upstream and downstream.Zou Guangcai emphasized that to see that the basic link of my country's automotive chip industry chain is still relatively weak, it is closely related to the foundation of the integrated circuit industry.It can be understood that my country is currently developing rapidly in the design and development and integration of products, including testing, and develops faster.butThere is still a big gap between IP/EDA and vehicle regulations.There are already many streaming plants in China, and many streaming factories have the industrial planning of automotive chips in its planning, but most of them will be constructed in the second and third phases.Because many enterprises first consider operation, first use consumer electronics to work on the operation of the business, and then consider the problem of car chips.
In Zou Guangcai's view, it is estimated that the enterprise from construction to truly capable of coming out of the product service industry is estimated to have four or five years.So we may have to boil for a while.But I believe that after four or five years, the production capacity of our car chip will come up.In response to the above situation, he made some suggestions on the industry.First of all, we must clarify the development vision of our national automotive chip industry in the future.We believe that in the next 5 to 15 years, our domestic chip products will definitely form a series, and have different applications and layouts for the middle and high -end.The level of high -end products must reach the world's advanced level, and the low -end integration into the international cycle is integrated into the international cycle to strive for a good development ecology.
In Zou Guangcai's view, our automotive chip industry cannot be completely closed. It is necessary to integrate and cooperate with the international industrial chain to form the cost and advantages of some automotive chip products and the advantages of the industrial chain. It is also necessary to get international recognition and application.This means that there are many tasks to do it in terms of industrial chain, industrial structure, ecosystem and integration development.Secondly, the development of the industrial development itself takes the product as the core.
When the car manufacturer applies the chip, first considerPrice, performance, and reliability. This is the core competitiveness of the product, not advanced technology. At the same time, it values quality stability and stable supply. This is the core competitiveness of chip companies.He hopes that chip companies try to avoid homogeneous competition as much as possible. Although this is difficult, I hope that everyone can find their own way. The chip company has multi -car company to carry out product definition research, pay more attention to the development of high -end, characteristic, and innovative products, and establish long -term competitionforce.Later, he suggested establishing a complete ecology, which is the basis for solving benign and sustainable development.
Domestic chips are on the carIt is not a simple technical problem, it is an industrial problem, especially the ecological challenge.From design, manufacturing, seal testing, standards, testing certification, electronic controller development, and vehicle certification.。
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